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University of Cambridge
According to legend the University of Cambridge in England was founded in 1209 by scholars escaping Oxford after a fight with Oxford locals. King Henry III of England granted them a teaching monopoly in 1231.

Along with the University of Oxford, Cambridge University produces a large proportion of Britain's prominent scientists, writers, and politicians; the pair are known as Oxbridge. Both are members of the Russell Group of Universities.

The thirty-one Colleges of the University are independent institutions, separate from the University itself, and they enjoy considerable autonomy.

The first College was Peterhouse founded in 1284 by Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely. The second-oldest College is King's Hall which was founded in 1317, though it no longer exists as a separate entity. Many other colleges were founded during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. A full list of Colleges is given below, though some, such as Michaelhouse (which was combined with King's Hall to make Trinity, by King Henry VII) and Gonville Hall no longer exist.

During those early times the Colleges were founded so that their students would pray for the souls of the founders and were often associated with chapels, if not abbeys. In conjunction with the Dissolution of the Monasteries, in 1536 King Henry VIII ordered the University to disband its Faculty of Canon Law and to stop teaching "scholastic philosophy." So instead of focusing on canon law, the colleges' curricula then became centered on the Greek and Latin classics, the Bible, and mathematics.

The first Colleges for women were Girton College in 1869 and Newnham College in 1872. The first women students were examined in 1882 but attempts to make women full members of the University did not succeed until 1947, 20 years later than at Oxford. Of the 31 Colleges, three are now for women only (Lucy Cavendish, New Hall, and Newnham), and two are for graduate students only (Clare Hall and Darwin).

There are certain number of leisure pursuits associated with Cambridge, such as cricket, rowing (against Oxford) and theatre clubs (the most famous being Footlights).

Colleges of the University of Cambridge

College

Founded

Christ's College, Cambridge1505
Churchill College, Cambridge1960
Clare College, Cambridge1326
Clare Hall, Cambridge1965
Corpus Christi College, Cambridge1352
Darwin College, Cambridge1964
Downing College, Cambridge1800
Emmanuel College, Cambridge1584
Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge1966
Girton College, Cambridge1869
Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge1348
Homerton College, Cambridge1976
Hughes Hall, Cambridge1885
Jesus College, Cambridge1497
King's College, Cambridge 1441
Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge 1965
Magdalene College, Cambridge 1428
New Hall, Cambridge 1954
Newnham College, Cambridge 1871
Pembroke College, Cambridge 1347
Peterhouse, Cambridge 1284
Queens' College, Cambridge 1448
Robinson College, Cambridge 1979
St Catharine's College, Cambridge 1473
St Edmund's College 1896
St John's College, Cambridge 1511
Selwyn College, Cambridge 1882
Sidney Sussex College 1596
Trinity College, Cambridge 1546
Trinity Hall, Cambridge 1350
Wolfson College, Cambridge 1965

External link
http://www.cam.ac.uk/ - the official website.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "University of Cambridged".

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